The rising levels of toxic metal contamination in wastewater pose a significant threat to both environmental health and public safety. Traditional methods of removing these contaminants, such as chemical precipitation or membrane filtration, often come with high costs and environmental concerns. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), a bioelectrochemical technology, present a promising alternative for wastewater treatment by harnessing microbial metabolism to generate electricity while simultaneously removing toxic substances. This study explores the utilization of Oil Palm Trunk Sap (OPTS), a renewable and readily available organic substrate, to power MFCs for the dual purpose of toxic metal removal from synthetic wastewater and electricity generation. The findings suggest that OPTS can serve as an effective fuel source for MFCs, providing a sustainable method for wastewater treatment while generating electricity. The study investigates the performance of OPTS-powered MFCs in terms of electricity generation, removal efficiency of toxic metals, and their potential scalability for real-world applications. The results indicate a promising synergy between metal removal and electricity generation, offering a new avenue for eco-friendly wastewater treatment technologies.
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